Short bowel syndrome in septic patients: a case report
Autori:
Gordana Kristek, Slavica Kvolik, Sonja Škiljić, Dalibor Kristek, Ivana Haršanji Drenjančević, Nenad Nešković, Aurelija Majdenić Štaba
Sažetak
Sindrom kratkog crijeva očituje se malapsorpcijom koja je posljedica opsežne resekcije crijeva. Duljina crijeva preostaloga nakon kirurške resekcije smatra se glavnom odrednicom ishoda u tih bolesnika. Liječenje sindroma složeno je i nalaže multidisciplinarni pristup radi smanjenja morbiditeta i mortaliteta. Ovaj prikaz opisuje 60-godišnju bolesnicu koja je podvrgnuta multiplim resekcijama crijeva, što je rezultiralo preostalim tankim crijevom duljine 30 cm postduodenalno i terminalnom jejunostomom. Njezin boravak u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja zakomplicirao se zbog razvoja respiratornog zatajenja, bilateralne pneumonije i sepse. Pacijentica je mehanički ventilirana i liječena antimikrobnim lijekovima u skladu s rezultatima mikrobioloških pretraga i antibiogramom. Inicijalno je započeta potpuna parenteralna prehrana, dok se enteralna prehrana uvodila postupno. U liječenju bolesnice sudjelovao je multidisciplinarni tim sastavljen od anesteziologa, kirurga i gastroenterologa. Nakon četiri mjeseca bolničkog liječenja pacijentica je otpuštena kući opremljena tuneliranim središnjim venskim kateterom, a parenteralna je prehrana nastavljena u kućnim uvjetima u kombinaciji s peroralnim hranjenjem.
Summary
Short bowel syndrome is a global malabsorption state resulting from an inadequate length of intestine following intestinal resection. Residual bowel length is generally considered to be the primary determinant of outcome in these patients. This complex condition requires a multidisciplinary approach to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this case report we describe a 60-year-old female patient who underwent multiple bowel resections that resulted in postduodenal small intestine length of 30 cm with an end jejunostomy being formed. Her intensive care unit stay was complicated with respiratory failure, bilateral pneumonia and sepsis. She was mechanically ventilated and treated with antimicrobial agents according to microbial isolates and antibiograms. Total parenteral nutrition was started immediately after the surgery and enteral nutrition was gradually introduced. A multidisciplinary team consisting of anesthesiologists, surgeons and gastroenterologists participated in her treatment. After four months of hospital treatment the patient was discharged home equipped with a permanent tunneled central venous catheter and continued home parenteral nutrition in combination with oral feeding.
