UNOS DIJETALNOGA KALCIJA I PREVALENCIJA DEFORMACIJA KRALJEŽAKA U UZORKU STARIJE POPULACIJE

Simeon Grazio, Mirko Koršić

Sažetak. Cilj je istraživanja bio utvrditi unos kalcija putem prehrambene potrošnje mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda, sada i u tri životna razdoblja (do 25 god., 25-50 god. i nakon 50 god.) i te rezultate staviti u odnos prema nalazu deformacija kralj ežaka, na slučajnom uzorku stanovništva grada Zagreba, dobi 50 i više godina. S 425 ispitanika (269 žena i 156 muškaraca) obavljen je, prema upitniku razgovor, te im je, prema standardnome protokolu, učinjena lateralna rendgenska slika prsne i slabinske kralježnice. Pitanja u upitniku odnosila su se na broj dana u kojima su ispitanici, u posljednjih tjedan dana, uzimali mlijeko i miliječne proizvode te na potrošnju n1lijeka u tri životna razdoblja. Za utvrđivanje fraktura kralježaka upotrijebljno je morfometrijsko mjerenje visine kralježaka prema metodi McCloskeya i sur. Dodavanjem broja dana u tjednu u kojem su uzimali mlijeko i mliječne proizvode dobiven je izračun raspona od 0 do 28. Uz podjelu ispitanika u dvije grupe (I. grupa:0-10, II. grupa: 11 i više), između njih nije nađena razlika prema dobi, ali jest prema spolu, jer su žene veči sadašnji potrošači n1lijeka i mliječnih proizvoda. Povečan je rizik od nalaza deformacija kralježaka u žena koje pripadaju grupi I (OR:3,10; 95%CI:1,20-7,97), ali ne i u muškaraca (OR:0,93; 95%CI:0,37-2,35), niti za oba spola zajedno (OR: 1,89; 95%CI:0,99-3,63). Značajna je razlika prema spolu u učestalosti pijenja mlijeka nađena za razdoblje između 25-50 god. života, gdje su žene ponovno veči konzumenti, ali ne i u drugim životnim razdobljima. Nije nađena korelacija učestalosti pijenja mlijeka ni u jednom od razdoblja života i prevalencije deformacija kralježaka, za svaki spol posebno ni za oba. Za procjenu potrošnje mlijeka tijekom cijeloga života zbroj eni su broj evi za sva tri životna razdoblja te je dobiven rezultat raspona od 3 do 12. Podjelom ispitanika u dvije grupe nije nađen povećan rizik od deformacija kralježaka u onih koji manje piju n1lij eko (OR: 1 ,43; 95%CI:0,77-2,66). U ovom istraživanju žene sa sadašnjim manjim dijetalnim unosom kalcija imaju veči rizik od deformacija kralježaka. Nije nađena povezanost učestalosti pijenja mlijeka tijekom života i deformacija kralježaka.

Summary. The aim of the study was to determine the role of calcium intake through nutritional consumption of milk and other milk products currently and in three time periods during life (until 25 years, 25–50 years and 50 years and over) and to relate the results to finding of vertebral deformities in an unselected sample of population of Zagreb (Croatia), aged 50 years and above. Each of 425 recruited individuals (269 women and 156 men) completed interviewer administered questionnaire and had lateral thoracolumbar radiography performed according to a standard protocol. The questions related to number of days in which each subject consumed milk and its products in the last week, and milk consumption in three life-periods. The morphometric mea- surements of vertebral height were used to determine the occurrence of vertebral deformity according to the method described by McCloskey et al. Adding numbers of days in which each subject in the last week consumed milk and its products the score ranging from 0–28 was obtained. Between two groups of subjects (group I=score 0–10 and group II=score 11 and over), there was no difference by age, but there was by sex, women being those with greater current consumption of milk products. There was an increased risk of finding vertebral deformity in women appertaining to group I (OR=3.10, 95%CI=1.20–7.97), but not for men (OR=0.93, 95%CI=0.37–2.35), nor for both sexes (OR=1.89, 95%CI=0.99–3.63). There was a statistically signifi- cant difference in frequency of drinking milk in period 25–50 years of life, women being again more frequent consumers, but not in other periods of life. There was no correlation in frequency of milk consumption and prevalence of vertebral deformity in any of the periods of life, separately for men and women and taken together. To estimate milk consumption throughout the whole life we added the figures for all three periods of life, getting the score ranging from 3–12. The subjects were divided into two groups, and no increased risk of vertebral deformity was found in those who had been drinking less milk (OR=1.43, 95%CI=0.77–2.66). In our study women with currently less dietary calcium intake have greater risk for vertebral deformities. No association was found between frequency of milk consumption throughout the life and prevalence of vertebral deformities.