The effect of fluid therapy on endothelial dysfunction in critically ill patients
Autori:
Lea Cofek, Antea Kršek, Božena Ćurko-Cofek, Tanja Batinac, Danijel Knežević, Vlatka Sotošek, Lara Batičić
Sažetak
Summary
Intravenous fluid therapies have been utilized for over a century and represent one of the most commonly performed procedures in medicine, particularly in critically ill patients. Current scientific knowledge points to the diverse effects of intravenous fluids on the endothelium and endothelial glycocalyx (EG): on the one hand, certain fluids used in resuscitation can contribute to EG integrity regeneration and improve microcirculation and tissue oxygenation, while on the other hand, specific fluids may contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction and EG damage. Understanding the complexity of intravenous fluid therapy management is crucial as inappropriate administration of this procedure can lead to unfavorable outcomes in critically ill patients. A tailored and individualized approach to rehydration, guided by continuous hemodynamic monitoring with a particular focus on patient characteristics, is essential in optimizing endothelial function and ultimately, improving intensive care outcomes. The aim of this review is to present existing knowledge on the molecular mechanisms as well as clinical findings regarding the impact of intravenous fluid therapy on the endothelium and EG. Understanding the intricate interactions between intravenous fluid therapy and endothelial function can contribute to more effective care for critically ill patients and ultimately lead to better treatment outcomes.