Distribucija specijalista kardiologije po županijama u Republici Hrvatskoj

Zrinka Biloglav, Dominic Vidović, Petar Medaković, Joško Bulum, Marija Brestovac, Blanka Glavaš, Ivan Padjen

Kardiovaskularne bolesti predstavljaju vodeći javnozdravstveni problem kod nas i u svijetu. Starenje stanovništva povećava opterećenost bolešću, a dinamiku ponude i potražnje za kardiološkim uslugama, uz starenje populacije, određuju brojni drugi čimbenici. Svrha ovoga istraživanja jest analiza ljudskih resursa u kardiologiji temeljem odabranih indikatora, što uključuje broj, dob i stope kardiologa na nacionalnoj i županijskoj razini. Broj kardiologa dobiven je od Nacionalnog registra pružatelja zdravstvene zaštite pri Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo za 2020. godinu, a ostali podatci dobiveni su od Državnog zavoda za statistiku, Hrvatske gospodarske komore i Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo. U Hrvatskoj je 2020. godine ukupno bilo 334 kardiologa, njih 291
(87,12%) u javnom sektoru, od čega su 123 (42,26%) bile žene i 168 (57,73%) muškarci. U privatnom sektoru bilo je zaposleno 43 kardiologa, od toga 13 (30,23%) žena i 30 (69,76%) muškaraca. U polovici županija više od 50% specijalista bilo je starije od 50 godina. U privatnom sektoru kardiolozi su bili statistički značajno stariji, 55 naspram 46 godina (p < 0,001). Prosječna stopa kardiologa u javnom sektoru iznosila je 60 na milijun stanovnika, a ukupno u javnom i privatnom sektoru 69. Županije s višim indeksom gospodarske snage imaju više kardiologa, međutim razlike nisu značajne, dok županije s četiri velika grada i medicinskim fakultetima, Zagreb, Split, Rijeka i Osijek imaju gotovo dvostruko veće prosječne stope kardiologa na milijun stanovnika od ostalih županija. Udio kardiologinja, računajući oba sektora, jest 40,72%, a županije s velikim gradovima i medicinskim fakultetima imaju nešto veći udio – 41,87%. Ovim su istraživanjem prikazane određene specifičnosti ljudskih potencijala u kardiologiji u Hrvatskoj, prvenstveno nejednaka distribucija stopa kardiologa na županijskoj razini, kao i razlike po dobi i spolu u javnom i privatnom sektoru.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading public health problem in Croatia and the world. Population aging increases the burden of the disease, and the dynamics of supply and demand for cardiac services, along with the aging population, is determined by several factors. The aim of this research was to analyse human resources in cardiology based on selected indicators that include the number, age, and rates of cardiologists at the national and county levels. The number of cardiologists was obtained from the National Register of Health Care Providers at the Croatian Institute of Public Health for 2020. Other data were obtained from the Institute, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and the Croatian Chamber of Economy. In 2020, there were 334 cardiologists in Croatia, 291 in the public sector, of which 123 (42.26%) were women, and 168 (57.73%) were men. The private sector employed 43 cardiologists, 13 (30.23%) women, and 30 (69.76%) men. In half of the counties, more than 50% of specialists were older than 50 years. In the private sector, cardiologists were significantly older, 55 vs. 46 years (p < 0.001). The average rate of cardiologists in the public sector was 60 per million inhabitants, and a total of 69 in the public and private sectors. Counties with a higher index of economic strength have more cardiologists, but the differences are not significant. Counties with four major cities and medical schools, Zagreb, Split, Rijeka, and Osijek have almost twice the average rates of cardiologists per million inhabitants than other counties. The average share of women in both sectors is 40.72%, but counties with large cities and medical schools have slightly an above average percentage of women cardiologists – 41.87%. This research presented certain specifics of human resources in cardiology in Croatia such as unequal distribution of cardiologist rates at the county level, differences by age and gender in the public and private sectors.