HIPERTENZIJA U BOLESNIKA S BUBREŽNIM TRANSPLANTATOM

LIDIJA ORLIĆ, BRANKA SLADOJE-MARTINOVIĆ, ANA VLAHOVIĆ, MARTINA PAVLETIĆ, SANJIN RACKI

Hipertenzija se javlja u velikom broju bolesnika s transplantatom bubrega. Cilj rada bio je ispitati učestalost hipertenzije u bolesnika s bubrežnim transplantatom, vrijeme pojave hipertenzije i težinu hipertenzije. U ispitivanje je bilo uključeno 78 ispitanika (37 žena i 41 muškarac), prosječne životne dobi 49,9±12 godina. Vrijeme proteklo od transplantacije bilo je 6 do 168 mjeseci. Od ukupnog broja bolesnika njih 14 (17,9%) imalo je hipertenziju prije transplantacije. Nakon transplantacije hipertenzija je razvila u 59 (75,6%) bolesnika. Tijekom prve godine od transplantacije hipertenziju se javila kod 79% bolesnika, u periodu od jedne do tri godine kod 13,5% te nakon tri i više godina kod 6,7% bolesnika. Monoterapija hipertenzije primijenjena je u 22% bolesnika, dva antihipertenziva primalo je 52%, a tri i više 25% bolesnika. Ciljne vrijed­nosti krvnog tlaka postignute su kod 78% bolesnika. Iz dobivenih rezultata vidimo da se arterijska hipertenzija u bolesnika s bubrežnim transplantatom javlja u velikom broju i to već tijekom prve godine nakon transplantacije.

Summary. Hypertension frequently occurs in patients with renal transplant. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence, time of occurrence and hypertension severity following transplantation. A total of 78 patients (37 women and 41 men) mean age 49.9±12 years were included in the study. The post-transplant period amounted from 6 to 168 months. Prior to transplantation, hypertension was registered in14 patients (17.9%). Following transplantation hypertension was registered in 59 (75.6%). During the first post-transplant year hypertension occurred in 79% of patients, while in the period of one to three years in 13.5% and in 6.7% of patients with transplant performed three or more years earlier. Hypertension responsive to only one drug was found in 22%, and to two or more drugs in 25% of patients. The satisfactory blood pressure values were obtained in 78% of patients. The study reveals that hypertension in the majority of renal transplant patients develops during the first post-transplant year.