MEDITERRANEAN DIET AND GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER IN CROATIAN ISLAND ISOLATES
Autori:
Igor Rudan, Draženka Vadla, Marija Strnad, Zrinka Biloglav, Ariana Vorko-Jović
Sažetak
Sažetak. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je izvršiti usporedbu dobno standardiziranih stopa incidencije raka želuca, debelog crijeva i gušterače između dvije regije Republike Hrvatske: pet otoka srednje Dalmacije (Brača, Hvara, Korčule, Visa i Lastova) s »mediteranskim« načinom prehrane te kontrolne populacije Koprivničko-križevačke županije (KKž) s »kontinentalnim« načinom prehrane. Između ispitivanih regija zabilježene su velike razlike u konzumaciji specifičnih sastojaka prehrane. Utvrđivanje broja novooboljelih slučajeva od raka želuca, debelog crijeva i gušterače izvršeno je na temelju podataka Registra za rak Republike Hrvatske u razdoblju između 1986. i 1995. godine. Ukupan broj novooboljelih bio je standardiziran na standardnu svjetsku populaciju metodom izravne standardizacije. Dobno standardizirane stope incidencije na otocima u usporedbi s KKž-om na 100.000 stanovnika iznosile su 17,2 prema 39,4 (p<0,001) u muškaraca s rakom želuca, 9,1 prema 16,5 (p<0,01) u žena s rakom želuca, 34,5 prema 31,4 (p>0,05) u muškaraca s rakom debelog crijeva, 18,3 prema 20,3 (p>0,05) u žena s rakom debelog crijeva, 5,5 prema 9,0 (p<0,05) u muškaraca s rakom gušterače i 2,7 prema 5,0 u žena s rakom gušterače (p<0,05). Standardizirane stope incidencije raka želuca i gušterače na otocima bile su znatno niže od standardiziranoga hrvatskog prosjeka. Istraživanje je pokazalo da bi »mediteranski« način prehrane mogao doprinositi smanjenju rizika od raka želuca i gušterače.
Summary
Summary. The aim of this study was to compare the age-standardised incidence rates of gastric bowel and pancreatic cancer between two regions of the Republic of Croatia: (1) five middle Dalmatian islands (Brač, Hvar, Korčula, Vis and Lastovo) with »Mediterranean« nutrition; (2) the control population of Koprivničko-križevačka County (KKC) with »continental« nutrition. The characterisation of nutrition habits in the two study regions revealed very significant differences. The newly registered cases of gastric, bowel and pancreatic cancer between 1986 and 1995 were retrieved from the Cancer Registry of Croatia. The resulting incidence rates were standardised to the standard world population using the method of direct standardisation. Age- -standardised incidence rates in the islands in comparison to the control KKC population per 100,000 inhabitants were 17.2 vs. 39.4 (p<0.001) in males with gastric cancer, 9.1 vs. 16.5 (p<0.01) in females with gastric cancer, 34.5 vs. 31.4 (p>0.05) in males with bowel cancer, 18.3 vs. 20.3 (p>0.05) in females with bowel cancer, 5.5 vs. 9.0 (p<0.05) in males with pancreatic cancer and 2.7 vs. 5.0 in females with pancreatic cancer (p<0.05). Standardised incidence rates of gastric and pancreatic cancer in the island populations were significantly lower from the standardized Croatian average. The study showed that »Mediterranean« type of diet could have a protective effect against gastric and pancreatic cancer.
