A contemporary approach to diagnostic evaluation and treatment of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria
Autori:
Ivan Radoja, Dora Karl, Romana Marušić
Sažetak
Summary
Objectives: Lower urinary tract symptoms have a high prevalence in men and women. One of the most common symptoms is nocturia. According to the International Continence Society nocturia is defined as the number of times an individual urinates during the main sleep period. Recent studies have shown that nocturnal polyuria is one of the most common causes of nocturia in both sexes. Nocturnal polyuria is defined as the excessive production of urine during the main period of sleep. The aim of this study was to review the latest medical literature on the definition, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic assessment, and available methods of treatment of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria. Methods: We analyzed scientific literature with the PubMed database published from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2022. Results: Nocturia is a multifactorial condition that may coexist with other lower urinary tract symptoms. Nocturia has a major impact on quality of life, and may be associated with an increased risk of developing other diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. Most people accept nocturia as a natural consequence of aging and delay seeking medical attention. Early recognition and understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria are important for planning appropriate treatment. Conclusions: This review article presents current knowledge on the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria. Appropriate treatment is based on a better understanding of their etiology and pathophysiology, which can reduce the occurrence of complications and improve the quality of life of patients.