UČESTALOST SENZIBILIZACIJE NA MASLINU U BOLESNIKA S PELUDNOM ALERGIJOM NA PODRUČJU ZADRA I DUBROVNIKA

NATAŠA SKITARELIĆ, NIKŠA SINDIK, NEVEN SKITARELIĆ, ANTUN MAZZI, ANA VULETIĆ, JOŠKO MIŠULIĆ

Preosjetljivost na pelud masline važan je uzrok peludnih alergija u mediteranskim zemljama. S obzirom na to da ne postoje podaci za hrvatsko priobalje, cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi učestalost preosjetljivosti na pelud masline među bolesnicima s peludnom alergijom u Zadru i Dubrovniku. Osim toga ispitali smo postoji li razlika izme|u ove dvije primorske sredine Dalmacije u broju bolesnika i ekspresiji alergije na ovu važnu poljoprivrednu kulturu. Ukupno je u obje sredine, Zadru i Dubrovniku, ispitano 810-ero djece i odraslih, s preosjetljivosti na pelud. Zadarsku skupinu činilo je 546, a Dubrovačku 246 ispitanika. Svim ispitanicima uzeta je detaljna obiteljska i osobna anamneza, klinički su pregledani, izmjerena je plućna funkcija spirometrijom (odrasli i djeca starija od 7 godina) te učinjeno kožno prick-testiranje i enzimatsko-imunološki UniCAP test za odre|ivanje specifičnih IgE-protutijela. Statistička obrada podataka učinjena je χ2-testom. Preosjetljivost na pelud masline dokazana je u 66/810 bolesnika s peludnom alergijom (8,15%). Usporedba između Zadra i Dubrovnika nije pokazala statistički značajne razlike u broju ispitanika s preosjetljivošću na pelud masline. Također, između bolesnika u dvije ispitivane sredine nije dokazana statistički značajna razlika u ekspresiji preosjetljivosti, usporedbom vrijednosti kožnog prick-testa, vrijednosti specifičnih IgE-protutijela te kliničke slike oboljelih. Najveći broj ispitanika s preosjetljivošću na pelud masline boluje od alergijskog rinitisa, 39/66 (59%). Većina ispitanika s preosjetljivošću na pelud masline, 51/66 (77%), stanovnici su gradske sredine. Samo 3/66 (4%) ispitanika stanovnici su otoka. Preosjetljivost na pelud masline najčešće se očituje kliničkom slikom alergijskog rinitisa. Znatno je češća u gradskoj sredini. Učestalost senzibilizacije i kliničkih očitovanja preosjetljivosti na pelud masline na području Zadra i Dubrovnika ne razlikuju se.

Olive pollen is one of the most important causes of inhalant allergy in countries around the Mediterranean sea. Due to the lack of information on hypersensitivity to the pollen of Olea europea from Croatian coast, the aim of this investigation was to establish the frequency of hypersensitivity to the pollen of Olea europea in pollen allergic patients in Zadar and Dubrovnik. Also, we compared two areas of Dalmatia regarding the number of patients and expression of allergy to the Olea europea. A total of 810 patients, children and adults, with pollen allergy were examined in both areas, Zadar and Dubrovnik. In the area of Zadar we examined 546 participants and in the area of Dubrovnik 264 participants. The patients were assessed by anamnestic data, clinical examination, measurement of pulmonary function (adults and children older than 7 years), skin prick test and enzymo-immunologic UniCAP test for measurements of specific IgE antibodies. For statistical analysis we used chi square test. Hypersensitivity to the allergy of Olea europea occurred in 66/810 (8.15%) assessed participants with pollen allergy. The comparison between the two areas didn’t show any statistical difference in the number of affected participants with hypersensitivity to the Olea europea. Also, we didn’t show any statistical difference in comparison of skin prick tests, immunologic measurements of specific IgE antibodies, or clinical manifestations between participants in the two investigated areas. The most prevalent clinical manifestation was rhinitis registered in 39/66 (59%) patients with hypersensitivity to the olive pollen. The majority of patients with hypersensitivity to olive pollen 51/66 (77%) live in towns. Only 3/66 (4%) participants live on an island. Rhinitis was the most prevalent clinical manifestation in our patients with hypersensitivity to allergen of Olea europea. Hypersensitivity to olive pollen was higher in participants who lived in towns. The hypersensitivity to Olea europea didn’t show any difference between the two investigated areas of Dalmatia.