DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH AND THERAPY FOR CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) INFECTION FOLLOWING ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Autori:
Nataša Beader, Smilja Kalenić, Boris Labar
Sažetak
Unatoč napretku u dijagnostici i sprječavanju CMV-bolesti u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća, CMV-infekcija i dalje je velik dijagnostički i terapijski problem u primatelja alogenih krvotvornih matičnih stanica (aloKMS). Pored znatnog pobola koji se očituje u izravnim učincima CMV-infekcije (hepatitis, gastrointestinalna bolest, pneumonija, retinits), CMV neizravnim djelovanjem povećava osjetljivost prema oportunističkim infekcijama te povećava rizik od odbacivanja presatka i smrtnosti pridružene presadbi. Također, zbog mijelosupresije, nefrotoksičnosti ili pojave CMV-rezistentnih sojeva javljaju se ograničenja u upotrebi antivirusnih tvari koje se rabe za kontrolu CMV-infekcije. Cilj je ovoga rada prikazati probleme vezane uz CMV-infekciju koji se javljaju u primatelja aloKMS s posebnim naglaskom na dijagnostiku i liječenje odnosno sprječavanje nastanka CMV-bolesti.
Summary
In spite of improvements in diagnostics and prevention of CMV disease in recent decades, CMV infection still remains major concern in terms of diagnosis and therapy in recipients of allogeneic stem cells. Besides considerable morbidity with direct effects of CMV infection (hepatitis, gastrointestinal disease, pneumonia, retinitis), there are also indirect effects such as increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and an increased risk of graft rejection and transplant-related mortality. Also, myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity and emergence of drug-resistant CMV strains may limit the use of antiviral agents for the control of CMV infection. The aim of this paper is to show the problems associated with CMV infection in recipients of allogeneic stem cells with special emphasis on diagnostic procedures and treatment or prophylaxis of CMV disease.
