Expert opinion on parenteral iron administration in non-hematological clinical practice

Autori:

Dražen Pulanić, Berislav Barbalić, Marko Brinar, Diana Delić-Brkljačić, Ivo Darko Gabrić, Krunoslav Kuna, Dina Ljubas Kelečić, Alen Protić, Josipa Radić, Ivana Stojanović, Željko Krznarić

Sažetak
Anemija zbog manjka željeza ili sideropenična anemija najčešći je oblik anemije u populaciji. Sideropenična anemija može nastati uslijed gastrointestinalnih bolesti, ginekoloških i drugih kroničnih krvarenja, može biti dio kliničke slike nefroloških i drugih bolesti i stanja, može doprinositi srčanom zatajenju u kardioloških bolesnika te pogoršavati ishode operativnih zahvata. Zbog navedenoga potreban je timski rad u liječenju sideropenične anemije, važno je otkriti i liječiti uzrok koji je doveo do gubitka željeza te liječiti anemiju nadoknadom željeza. Cilj je ovog rada prikazati pregled literature i klinička iskustva različitih nehematoloških specijalističkih usmjerenja u liječenju sideropenične anemije parenteralnim pripravcima željeza u različitim tercijarnim centrima u Hrvatskoj. U radu su opisani pristupi i postupnici u zbrinjavanju sideropenije i sideropenične anemije parenteralnimželjezom iz aspekta gastroenterologa, ginekologa, nefrologa, kardiologa te anesteziologa, sa specifičnostima pojedinih bolesti i pristupa njihovom liječenju. U zaključku, novi visokodozni pripravci parenteralnog željeza unaprijedili su mogućnosti liječenja sideropenične anemije i primjenjuju se sve više u dnevnim bolnicama i odjelima različitih struka u Hrvatskoj, a ne samo u hematološkim dnevnim bolnicama ili odjelima.
Summary

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most frequent anemia globally. IDA can occur as a result of gastrointestinal diseases, gynecological and other chronic bleedings, could be part of clinical manifestations of nephrological and other diseases and conditions, it can cause worsening of heart failure in cardiac patients, and may worsen the outcomes of surgery. Therefore, teamwork is needed in the management of IDA, because it is mandatory to diagnose and treat the underlying cause of IDA and to treat anemia with iron supplementation. The aim of this work is to present the review of literature and clinical experiences of different non-hematological specialist areas in the treatment of IDA with parenteral iron preparations in different tertiary centers in Croatia. The work describes approaches and procedures in treating iron deficiency and IDA with parenteral iron from the perspective of gastroenterologists, gynecologists, nephrologists, cardiologists, and anesthesiologists, with specific characteristics of particular diseases and approaches to their treatment. In conclusion, the new high-dose preparations of parenteral iron improved treatment options for IDA and are increasingly being used in day hospitals and departments of various specialty in Croatia, not only in hematological day hospitals or departments.