Hypophosphatemia after parenteral iron replacement in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case report series
Autori:
Dina Ljubas Kelečić, Mislav Jelaković, Ana Barišić, Marko Brinar, Irena Karas, Darija Vranešić Bender, Željko Krznarić
Sažetak
Hipofosfatemija kao nuspojava parenteralne primjene željeza dobro je opisana u dosadašnjoj literaturi, no jasni protokoli ili preporuke o prevenciji, pravodobnom prepoznavanju i liječenju nisu dostupni. Čimbenici rizika koji dovode do pojave hipofosfatemije kod bolesnika s upalnim bolestima crijeva (IBD) nisu jasno utvrđeni te dodatno otežavaju razumijevanje nastanka hipofosfatemije i dugoročnih komplikacija, a time i potrebne korake u adekvatnom pristupu prevenciji i liječenju. Prikazom serije kliničkih slučajeva četiriju IBD bolesnika želimo pokazati heterogenost kliničke prezentacije hipofosfatemije, utjecaja nutritivnih, upalnih i drugih čimbenika te moguće modalitete liječenja. Također, želimo istaknuti koja je skupina IBD bolesnika izložena dodatnom riziku razvoja ove nuspojave s ciljem pravodobnog dijagnosticiranja i početka liječenja.
Summary
Hypophosphatemia as a side effect of parenteral iron administration has been well described in the recent literature. However clear protocols or recommendations for prevention, timely recognition and treatment are not available. Different data on risk factors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) according to the published papers further complicate the understanding of hypophosphatemia and long-term complications, and thus the necessary steps in an adequate approach to prevention and treatment. By presenting a series of clinical cases of four IBD patients, we want to show the heterogeneity of the clinical presentation of hypophosphatemia, the influence of nutritional, inflammatory and other factors and also possible treatment modalities. Furthermore, we want to point out which group of IBD patients is at additional risk of developing hypophoshatemia, with the aim of timely diagnosis and treatment initiation.
